2015 Autumn Term
QPSC503 Politics and Culture
政治文化論
  Language of Instruction: E
  松永　泰行 (MATSUNAGA, YASUYUKI)

CREDIT （単位）: 2
Period(s)
時限数		 Lec.(講義) Sem.(演習) Lab.(実験実習) Exe.(実技) Intensive(集中講義)
2         
General Description (概要)
(1) Social system and power system; (2) value system of the culture and political institution; (3) culture change and political phenomena.

社会構造と権力構造、文化の価値体系と政治制度および文化変動と政治現象を扱う。

There are broadly two distinct types of explanatory strategies in the social sciences: the methodological individualist, on the one hand, and non-individualist of various kinds, on the other. In theoretical approaches to culture, we similarly find two distinct approaches:

1) Those that treat culture as orientations and preferences of individuals, and
2) Those that consider culture as historical, organizational, and structural features of social life.

In this course, we will examine and discuss how we can better incorporate culture into social and political analysis. We will also discuss practical implications of different strategies and theories for social and political analysis in general, and for peace and conflict studies in particular.

The course will be divided into two parts. The first part introduces several competing strategies for incorporating culture into social and political analysis. The second part will cover several major themes in politics and culture through the readings and discussions of theoretically-informed empirical researches in which culture plays prominent roles.

The copies of the reading materials will be distributed by the instructor. The participants are expected to attend class meetings well-prepared to discuss the weekly reading materials. To facilitate, the instructor will also distribute a few questions per each assigned reading. The class discussions will evolve around those and other questions.

There is no final examination in this course. For the course evaluation, the participants will instead be asked to submit two short assignments and one final assignment. For the final assignment, they will be asked to submit either (a) a critical book review essay, or (b) a short research paper, within one week following the last class meeting. The expected length of the final assignment is between 2000 and 4000 words. Please consult the instructor in advance, however, on the selection of the book(s) to review or the outline of the short research paper. He will be available for regular consultation via emails as well as in face-to-face meetings, if requested, in his office at TUFS (easily accessible from the ICU campus).




 
Learning Goals(学習目標)
The goals of this course are three-fold:

1. To enhance the participants’ familiarity with theoretical approaches to culture;
2. To deepen their understanding of linkages between politics and culture; and
3. To help the participants find theoretical approaches suitable for issues of their interest.
 
Contents(内容)
Week 1 - September 11: Course Introduction (no assigned reading)

Part I: Incorporating Culture into Social and Political Analysis

Week 2 - September 18: Theoretical Approaches to Culture (1) The Individualist Strategy

Eckstein (1988), “A Culturalist Theory of Political Change” [Start with Appendix at the end and then read the article from the beginning].

Further Reading: Weber (1946); Parsons and Shils (1951), Parsons (1963); Almond and Verba (1963, 1980); Almond (1990); Swidler (1995).

Week 3 - September 25: Theoretical Approaches to Culture (2) The (Sociological) Institutionalist Strategy

Jepperson (1991), “Institutions, Institutional Effects, and Institutionalism,” and Schneiberg and Clemens (2006), “The Typical Tools for the Job: Research Strategies in Institutional Analysis.”

Further Reading: Meyer, Boli, and Thomas (1994 [1987]); DiMaggio (1988); DiMaggio and Powell (1991); Hall and Taylor (1996); Jepperson and Meyer (2011).

Week 4 - October 2: Theoretical Approaches to Culture (3) A Sociology of Culture Synthesis

Swidler (1986), “Culture in Action: Symbols and Strategies” and (2002), “Cultural Repertoires and Cultural Logics: Can They Be Reconciled?”

Further Reading: Swidler (1995; 2001); Sewell (1999; 2005).

Part II: Themes in Cultural Analyses

Week 5 - October 9: Identity Politics and Violence

Tilly (2002b), “Contentious Conversation.”

Further Reading: McAdam, Tarrow, and Tilly (2001), Ch 5; Tilly (2003), Ch 2 “Violence as Politics”; Fearon and Laitin (2000).

Week 6 - October 16: Cultural Contestation in Communal Conflict

Ross (2007), “Culture’s Central Role in Ethnic Conflict,” Ch 11 of Cultural Contestation in Ethnic Conflict (Cambridge Univ. Press); and Ross (2009), “Cultural Contestation and the Symbolic Landscape: Politics by Other Means?” Ch 1 of Culture and Belonging in Divided Societies, ed. Ross.

Further Reading: Ross (1997; 2009ab); Bernstein (2005); Swidler (1995); Williams (2004).

Week 7 - October 23: “Rational Martyrs”?

Berman and Laitin (2007), “Understanding Suicide Terror,” and Hafez (2006), “Dying to Be Martyrs: the Symbolic Dimension of Suicide Terrorism.”

Further Reading: Berrebi (2009), 164-167; Pape (2005); Bloom (2005); Gambetta (2005); Pedahzur (2006); Laitin and Shapiro (2008); Berman (2009).

Week 8 - October 30: “Altruistic Martyrs”?

Pape (2005), “Altruism and Terrorism,” Ch 9 of Dying to Win: The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism; and Human Rights Watch (2014), “We Are the Walking Dead.”

Further Reading: Elster (2005); Berger and Luckmann (1967); Goodwin (2006); Zaman (1998); Hafez (2011).

Week 9 - November 6: The World Society Perspective and Sectarian Violence Diffusion

Meyer (1999), “The Changing Cultural Content of the Nation-State”; Abdo (2013), “Why Sunni-Shia conflict is worsening”; and Human Rights Watch (2013), “Lynching of Shia Follows Months of Hate Speech.”

Further Reading: Krucken and Drori (2009); McAdam and Rucht (1993); Strang (1990); Strang and Meyer (1993); Strang and Soule (1998); Soule (2004).

Final assignment: To be sent to matsunaga@tufs.ac.jp by the evening of Friday, November 13.
 
Language of Instruction(教授言語の詳細)


 
Grading Policy(成績評価基準)
The final grade will be based on:

1. Short assignments and active class participation: 75 %
2. Final assignment: 25%
 
Expected study hour outside class(授業時間外学習)


 
References(参考文献)
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Berezin, Mabel. 1997. “Politics and Culture: A Less Fissured Terrain,” Annual Review of Sociology 23: 361-383.
Berger, Bennet M. 1995. An Essay on Culture: Symbolic Structure and Social Structure. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
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Berman, Eli. 2009. Radical, Religious, and Violent: The New Economics of Terrorism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
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Berman, Sheri. 2001. “Review Article: Ideas, Norms and Culture in Political Analysis,” Comparative Politics 33(2): 231-250.
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Bowen, John R. 2007. Why the French Don’t Like Headscarves: Islam, the State and Public Sphere. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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Fearon, James D., and David D. Laitin. 2000. “Violence and the Social Construction of Ethnic Identity,” International Organization 54(4): 845-877.
Gambetta, Diego, ed. 2005. Making Sense of Suicide Missions. New York: Oxford University Press.
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Goodwin, Jeff. 2006. “What Do We Really Know about (Suicide) Terrorism?” Sociological Forum 21(2): 315-330.
Goodwin, Jeff, and James M. Jasper, eds. 2004. Rethinking Social Movements: Structure, Meaning, and Emotion. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
Hafez, Mohammed M. 2006. "Dying to Be Martyrs: the Symbolic Dimension of Suicide Terrorism," Ch. 3 of Root Causes of Suicide Terrorism: The Globalization of Martyrdom, edited by Ami Pedahzur (New York: Routledge), 54-80.
_______. 2011. “Takfir and Violence against Muslims,” Ch 1 of Fault Lines in Global Jihad: Organizational, Strategic, and Ideological Fissures, edited by Assaf Moghadam and Brian Fishman (New York: Routledge), 25-46.
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Human Rights Watch. 2013. “Egypt: Lynching of Shia Follows Months of Hate Speech,” http://www.hrw.org/news/2013/06/27/egypt-lynching-shia-follows-months-hate-speech [accessed 7/26/2014].
_______. 2014. “We are the Walking Dead”: Killings of Shia Hazara in Balochistan, Pakistan. http://www.hrw.org/reports/2014/06/30/we-are-walking-dead [accessed 7/26/2014].
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Jepperson, Ronald L. 1991. “Institutions, Institutional Effects, and Institutionalism,” Chapter 6 of The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, ed. Walter W. Powell and Paul J. DiMaggio (Chicago: University of Chicago Press), 143-163.
Jepperson, Ronald L., and J. W. Meyer. 2011. “Multiple Levels of Analysis and the Limitations of Methodological Individualisms,” Sociological Theory 29: 54-73.
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Krucken, Georg, and Gili S. Drori, eds. 2009. World Society: The Writings of John W. Meyer. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
Krueger, Alan B., and David D. Laitin. 2008. “Kto Kogo?: A Cross-Country Study of the Origins and Targets of Terrorism,” Ch 5 of Terrorism, Economic Development, and Political Openness, edited by Philip Keefer and Norman Laeyza (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 148-173.
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_______. 1999. Culture: The Anthropologists’ Account. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
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_______. 1988. “Political Culture and Political Preferences,” American Political Science Review 82(2): 589-593.
_______. 1998. Identity in Formation: The Russian-Speaking Populations in the Near Abroad. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Laitin, David D., and Jacob N. Shapiro. 2008. “The Political, Economic, and Organizational Sources of Terrorism,” Ch 7 of Terrorism, Economic Development, and Political Openness, edited by Philip Keefer and Norman Laeyza (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 209-232.
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Meyer, John W., John Boli, and George M. Thomas. 1994 [1987]. “Ontology and Rationalization in the Western Cultural Account,” in W. Richard Scott et al., Institutional Environment and Organizations: Structural Complexity and Individualism (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage), 7-27.
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_______. 1997b. “Thick Resistance: Death and the Cultural Construction of Agency in Himalayan Mountaineering,” Representations 59: 135-162; reprinted in Ortner ed. (1999).
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__________. 2007. Cultural Contestation in Ethnic Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
__________. 2009a. “Culture in Comparative Political Analysis,” in Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture, and Structure, second edition, ed. Mark Irving Lichbach and Alan S. Zuckerman (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press), 134-161.
__________. 2009b. “Cultural Contestation and the Symbolic Landscape: Politics by Other Means?” in Culture and Belonging in Divided Societies: Contestation and Symbolic Landscape, ed. Marc Howard Ross (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press), 1-24.
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_______. 2001. Talk of Love: How Culture Matters. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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Learning Support Resources for Students (学生のための学修支援リソース)
If there are learning support resources that are especially recommended for this course, they will be listed below.
Here (ICU Internal page) is the list of learning support resources available at ICU.
このコースで特に利用を推奨する学修支援リソースがある場合、以下に記載されます。
ICUで利用可能なリソースの一覧はこちらです（学内ウェブサイト）。
 
Notes(注意事項)


 
Schedule(スケジュール)
2/F,3/F
 
URL
http://www.tufs.ac.jp/ts/personal/matsunaga/
 
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